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Chapter 2

Sankhya Yoga

VERSE 2.1

सञ्जय उवाच | तं तथा कृपयाविष्टमश्रुपूर्णाकुलेक्षणम् | विषीदन्तमिदं वाक्यमुवाच मधुसूदनः ||२-१||

2.1 Sanjaya said To him who was thus overcome with pity and who was despondent, with eyes full of t...

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VERSE 2.2

श्रीभगवानुवाच | कुतस्त्वा कश्मलमिदं विषमे समुपस्थितम् | अनार्यजुष्टमस्वर्ग्यमकीर्तिकरमर्जुन ||२-२||

2.2 The Blessed Lord said Whence is this perilous strait come upon thee, this dejection which is un...

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VERSE 2.3

क्लैब्यं मा स्म गमः पार्थ नैतत्त्वय्युपपद्यते | क्षुद्रं हृदयदौर्बल्यं त्यक्त्वोत्तिष्ठ परन्तप ||२-३...

2.3 Yield not to impotence, O Arjuna, son of Pritha. It does not befit thee. Cast off this mean weak...

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VERSE 2.4

अर्जुन उवाच | कथं भीष्ममहं सङ्ख्ये द्रोणं च मधुसूदन | इषुभिः प्रतियोत्स्यामि पूजार्हावरिसूदन ||२-४||

2.4 Arjuna said How, O Madhusudana, shall I fight in battle with arrows against Bhishma and Drona, ...

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VERSE 2.5

गुरूनहत्वा हि महानुभावान् श्रेयो भोक्तुं भैक्ष्यमपीह लोके | हत्वार्थकामांस्तु गुरूनिहैव भुञ्जीय भोगा...

2.5 Better it is, indeed, in this world to accept alms than to slay the most noble teachers. But if ...

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VERSE 2.6

न चैतद्विद्मः कतरन्नो गरीयो यद्वा जयेम यदि वा नो जयेयुः | यानेव हत्वा न जिजीविषामस्- तेऽवस्थिताः प्र...

2.6 I can hardly tell which will be better, that we should coner them or that they should coner us....

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VERSE 2.7

कार्पण्यदोषोपहतस्वभावः पृच्छामि त्वां धर्मसम्मूढचेताः | यच्छ्रेयः स्यान्निश्चितं ब्रूहि तन्मे शिष्यस...

2.7 My heart is overpowered by the taint of pity; my mind is confused as to duty. I ask Thee: Tell m...

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VERSE 2.8

न हि प्रपश्यामि ममापनुद्याद् यच्छोकमुच्छोषणमिन्द्रियाणाम् | अवाप्य भूमावसपत्नमृद्धं राज्यं सुराणामपि...

2.8 I do not see that it would remove this sorrow that burns up my senses, even if I should attain p...

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VERSE 2.9

सञ्जय उवाच | एवमुक्त्वा हृषीकेशं गुडाकेशः परन्तप | न योत्स्य इति गोविन्दमुक्त्वा तूष्णीं बभूव ह ||२-...

2.9 Sanjaya said Having spoken thus to Hrishikesha (the Lord of the senses), Arjuna (the coneror of...

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VERSE 2.10

तमुवाच हृषीकेशः प्रहसन्निव भारत | सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये विषीदन्तमिदं वचः ||२-१०||

2.10 To him who was despondent in the midst of the two armies, Krishna, as if smiling, O Bharata, sp...

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VERSE 2.11

श्रीभगवानुवाच | अशोच्यानन्वशोचस्त्वं प्रज्ञावादांश्च भाषसे | गतासूनगतासूंश्च नानुशोचन्ति पण्डिताः ||...

2.11 The Blessed Lord said Thou hast grieved for those that should not be grieved for, yet thou spe...

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VERSE 2.12

न त्वेवाहं जातु नासं न त्वं नेमे जनाधिपाः | न चैव न भविष्यामः सर्वे वयमतः परम् ||२-१२||

2.12 Nor at any time indeed was I not, nor thou, nor these rulers of men, nor verily shall we ever c...

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VERSE 2.13

देहिनोऽस्मिन्यथा देहे कौमारं यौवनं जरा | तथा देहान्तरप्राप्तिर्धीरस्तत्र न मुह्यति ||२-१३||

2.13 Just as in this body the embodied (soul) passes into childhood, youth and old age, so also does...

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VERSE 2.14

मात्रास्पर्शास्तु कौन्तेय शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः | आगमापायिनोऽनित्यास्तांस्तितिक्षस्व भारत ||२-१४||

2.14 The contacts of the senses with the objects, O son of Kunti, which cause heat and cold, pleasur...

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VERSE 2.15

यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ | समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ||२-१५||

2.15 That firm man whom, surely, these afflict not, O chief among men, to whom pleasure and pain are...

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VERSE 2.16

नासतो विद्यते भावो नाभावो विद्यते सतः | उभयोरपि दृष्टोऽन्तस्त्वनयोस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः ||२-१६||

2.16 The unreal hath no being; there is non-being of the real; the truth about both has been seen by...

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VERSE 2.17

अविनाशि तु तद्विद्धि येन सर्वमिदं ततम् | विनाशमव्ययस्यास्य न कश्चित्कर्तुमर्हति ||२-१७||

2.17 Know that to be indestructible, by Which all this is pervaded. None can cause the destruction o...

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VERSE 2.18

अन्तवन्त इमे देहा नित्यस्योक्ताः शरीरिणः | अनाशिनोऽप्रमेयस्य तस्माद्युध्यस्व भारत ||२-१८||

2.18 These bodies of the embodied Self, Which is eternal, indestructible and immeasurable, are said ...

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VERSE 2.19

य एनं वेत्ति हन्तारं यश्चैनं मन्यते हतम् | उभौ तौ न विजानीतो नायं हन्ति न हन्यते ||२-१९||

2.19 He who takes the Self to be the slayer and he who thinks It is slain, neither of them ï1knowsï1...

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VERSE 2.20

न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन् नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः | अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यम...

2.20 It is not born, nor does It ever die; after having been, It again ceases not to be; unborn, ete...

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VERSE 2.21

वेदाविनाशिनं नित्यं य एनमजमव्ययम् | कथं स पुरुषः पार्थ कं घातयति हन्ति कम् ||२-२१||

2.21 Whosoever knows It to be indestructible, eternal, unborn and inexhaustible, how can that man sl...

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VERSE 2.22

वासांसि जीर्णानि यथा विहाय नवानि गृह्णाति नरोऽपराणि | तथा शरीराणि विहाय जीर्णा- न्यन्यानि संयाति नवा...

2.22 Just as a man casts off worn-out clothes and puts on new ones, so also the embodied Self casts ...

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VERSE 2.23

नैनं छिन्दन्ति शस्त्राणि नैनं दहति पावकः | न चैनं क्लेदयन्त्यापो न शोषयति मारुतः ||२-२३||

2.23 Weapons cut It not, fire burns It not, water wets It not, wind dries It not.

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VERSE 2.24

अच्छेद्योऽयमदाह्योऽयमक्लेद्योऽशोष्य एव च | नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुरचलोऽयं सनातनः ||२-२४||

2.24 This Self cannot be cut, burnt, wetted, nor dried up. It is eternal, all-pervading, stable, imm...

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VERSE 2.25

अव्यक्तोऽयमचिन्त्योऽयमविकार्योऽयमुच्यते | तस्मादेवं विदित्वैनं नानुशोचितुमर्हसि ||२-२५||

2.25 This (Self) is said to be unmanifested, unthinkable and unchangeable. Therefore, knowing This t...

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VERSE 2.26

अथ चैनं नित्यजातं नित्यं वा मन्यसे मृतम् | तथापि त्वं महाबाहो नैवं शोचितुमर्हसि ||२-२६||

2.26 But even if thou thinkest of It as being constantly born and constantly dying, even then, O mig...

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VERSE 2.27

जातस्य हि ध्रुवो मृत्युर्ध्रुवं जन्म मृतस्य च | तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ||२-२७||

2.27 For certain is death for the born, and certain is birth for the dead; therefore, over the inevi...

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VERSE 2.28

अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि व्यक्तमध्यानि भारत | अव्यक्तनिधनान्येव तत्र का परिदेवना ||२-२८||

2.28 Beings are unmanifested in their beginning, manifested in their middle state, O Arjuna, and unm...

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VERSE 2.29

आश्चर्यवत्पश्यति कश्चिदेन- माश्चर्यवद्वदति तथैव चान्यः | आश्चर्यवच्चैनमन्यः शृणोति श्रुत्वाप्येनं वे...

2.29 One sees This (the Self) as a wonder; another speaks of It as a wonder; another hears of It as ...

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VERSE 2.30

देही नित्यमवध्योऽयं देहे सर्वस्य भारत | तस्मात्सर्वाणि भूतानि न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ||२-३०||

2.30 This, the Indweller in the body of everyone, is ever indestructible, O Arjuna; therefore, thou ...

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VERSE 2.31

स्वधर्ममपि चावेक्ष्य न विकम्पितुमर्हसि | धर्म्याद्धि युद्धाच्छ्रेयोऽन्यत्क्षत्रियस्य न विद्यते ||२-३...

2.31 Further, having regard to thy duty, shouldst not waver, for there is nothing higher for a Kshat...

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VERSE 2.32

यदृच्छया चोपपन्नं स्वर्गद्वारमपावृतम् | सुखिनः क्षत्रियाः पार्थ लभन्ते युद्धमीदृशम् ||२-३२||

2.32 Happy are the Kshatriyas, O Arjuna! who are called upon to fight in such a battle that comes of...

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VERSE 2.33

अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि | ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि ||२-३३||

2.33 But if thou wilt not fight this righteous war, then having abandoned thine own duty and fame, t...

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VERSE 2.34

अकीर्तिं चापि भूतानि कथयिष्यन्ति तेऽव्ययाम् | सम्भावितस्य चाकीर्तिर्मरणादतिरिच्यते ||२-३४||

2.34 People, too, will recount thy everlasting dishonour; and to one who has been honoured, dishonou...

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VERSE 2.35

भयाद्रणादुपरतं मंस्यन्ते त्वां महारथाः | येषां च त्वं बहुमतो भूत्वा यास्यसि लाघवम् ||२-३५||

2.35 The great car-warriors will think that thou hast withdrawn from the battle through fear; and th...

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VERSE 2.36

अवाच्यवादांश्च बहून्वदिष्यन्ति तवाहिताः | निन्दन्तस्तव सामर्थ्यं ततो दुःखतरं नु किम् ||२-३६||

2.36 Thy enemies also, cavilling at thy power, will speak many abusive words. What is more painful t...

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VERSE 2.37

हतो वा प्राप्स्यसि स्वर्गं जित्वा वा भोक्ष्यसे महीम् | तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः ||२...

2.37 Slain, thou wilt obtain heaven; victorious, thou wilt enjoy the earth; therefore, stand up, O s...

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VERSE 2.38

सुखदुःखे समे कृत्वा लाभालाभौ जयाजयौ | ततो युद्धाय युज्यस्व नैवं पापमवाप्स्यसि ||२-३८||

2.38 Having made pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and defeat the same, engage thou in battl...

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VERSE 2.39

एषा तेऽभिहिता साङ्ख्ये बुद्धिर्योगे त्विमां शृणु | बुद्ध्या युक्तो यया पार्थ कर्मबन्धं प्रहास्यसि ||...

2.39 This, which has been taught to thee, is wisdon concerning Sankhya. Now listen to wisdom concern...

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VERSE 2.40

नेहाभिक्रमनाशोऽस्ति प्रत्यवायो न विद्यते | स्वल्पमप्यस्य धर्मस्य त्रायते महतो भयात् ||२-४०||

2.40 In this there is no loss of effort, nor is there any harm (production of contrary results or tr...

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VERSE 2.41

व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिरेकेह कुरुनन्दन | बहुशाखा ह्यनन्ताश्च बुद्धयोऽव्यवसायिनाम् ||२-४१||

2.41 Here, O joy of the Kurus, there is but a single one-pointed determination; many-branched and en...

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VERSE 2.42

यामिमां पुष्पितां वाचं प्रवदन्त्यविपश्चितः | वेदवादरताः पार्थ नान्यदस्तीति वादिनः ||२-४२||

2.42 Flowery speech is uttered by the unwise, taking pleasure in the eulogising words of the Vedas, ...

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VERSE 2.43

कामात्मानः स्वर्गपरा जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम् | क्रियाविशेषबहुलां भोगैश्वर्यगतिं प्रति ||२-४३||

2.43 Full of desires, having heaven as their goal, (they utter speech which is directed to ends) lea...

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VERSE 2.44

भोगैश्वर्यप्रसक्तानां तयापहृतचेतसाम् | व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिः समाधौ न विधीयते ||२-४४||

2.44 For those who are attached to pleasure and power, whose minds are drawn away by such teaching, ...

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VERSE 2.45

त्रैगुण्यविषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवार्जुन | निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् ||...

2.45 The Vedas deal with the three attributes (of Nature); be thou above these three attributes. O A...

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VERSE 2.46

यावानर्थ उदपाने सर्वतः सम्प्लुतोदके | तावान्सर्वेषु वेदेषु ब्राह्मणस्य विजानतः ||२-४६||

2.46 To the Brahmana who has known the Self, all the Vedas are of as much use as is a reservoir of w...

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VERSE 2.47

कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन | मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि ||२-४७||

2.47 Thy right is to work only, but never with its fruits; let not the fruits of action be thy motiv...

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VERSE 2.48

योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय | सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योः समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते ||२-४८||

2.48 Perform action, O Arjuna, being steadfast in Yoga, abandoning attachment and balanced in succes...

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VERSE 2.49

दूरेण ह्यवरं कर्म बुद्धियोगाद्धनञ्जय | बुद्धौ शरणमन्विच्छ कृपणाः फलहेतवः ||२-४९||

2.49 Far lower than the Yoga of wisdon is action, O Arjuna. Seek thou refuge in wisdom; wretched are...

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VERSE 2.50

बुद्धियुक्तो जहातीह उभे सुकृतदुष्कृते | तस्माद्योगाय युज्यस्व योगः कर्मसु कौशलम् ||२-५०||

2.50 Endowed with wisdom (evenness of mind), one casts off in this life both good and evil deeds; th...

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VERSE 2.51

कर्मजं बुद्धियुक्ता हि फलं त्यक्त्वा मनीषिणः | जन्मबन्धविनिर्मुक्ताः पदं गच्छन्त्यनामयम् ||२-५१||

2.51 The wise, possessed of knowledge, having abandoned the fruits of their actions, and being freed...

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VERSE 2.52

यदा ते मोहकलिलं बुद्धिर्व्यतितरिष्यति | तदा गन्तासि निर्वेदं श्रोतव्यस्य श्रुतस्य च ||२-५२||

2.52 When thy intellect crosses beyond the mire of delusion, then thou shalt attain to indifference ...

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VERSE 2.53

श्रुतिविप्रतिपन्ना ते यदा स्थास्यति निश्चला | समाधावचला बुद्धिस्तदा योगमवाप्स्यसि ||२-५३||

2.53 When thy intellect, which is perplexed by the Veda text, which thou hast read, shall stand immo...

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VERSE 2.54

अर्जुन उवाच | स्थितप्रज्ञस्य का भाषा समाधिस्थस्य केशव | स्थितधीः किं प्रभाषेत किमासीत व्रजेत किम् ||...

2.54 Arjuna said What, O Krishna, is the description of him who has steady wisdom, and is merged in...

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VERSE 2.55

श्रीभगवानुवाच | प्रजहाति यदा कामान्सर्वान्पार्थ मनोगतान् | आत्मन्येवात्मना तुष्टः स्थितप्रज्ञस्तदोच्...

2.55 The Blessed Lord said When a man completely casts off, O Arjuna, all the desires of the mind a...

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VERSE 2.56

दुःखेष्वनुद्विग्नमनाः सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः | वीतरागभयक्रोधः स्थितधीर्मुनिरुच्यते ||२-५६||

2.56 He whose mind is not shaken by adversity, who does not hanker after pleasures, and is free from...

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VERSE 2.57

यः सर्वत्रानभिस्नेहस्तत्तत्प्राप्य शुभाशुभम् | नाभिनन्दति न द्वेष्टि तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता ||२-५७...

2.57 He who is everywhere without attachment, on meeting with anything good or bad, who neither rejo...

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VERSE 2.58

यदा संहरते चायं कूर्मोऽङ्गानीव सर्वशः | इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यस्तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता ||२-५८|...

2.58 When, like the tortoise which withdraws on all sides its limbs, he withdraws his senses from th...

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VERSE 2.59

विषया विनिवर्तन्ते निराहारस्य देहिनः | रसवर्जं रसोऽप्यस्य परं दृष्ट्वा निवर्तते ||२-५९||

2.59 The objects of the senses turn away from the abstinent man leaving the longing (behind); but hi...

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VERSE 2.60

यततो ह्यपि कौन्तेय पुरुषस्य विपश्चितः | इन्द्रियाणि प्रमाथीनि हरन्ति प्रसभं मनः ||२-६०||

2.60 The turbulent senses, O Arjuna, do violently carry away the mind of a wise man though he be str...

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VERSE 2.61

तानि सर्वाणि संयम्य युक्त आसीत मत्परः | वशे हि यस्येन्द्रियाणि तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता ||२-६१||

2.61 Having restrained them all he should sit steadfast, intent on Me; his wisdom is steady whose se...

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VERSE 2.62

ध्यायतो विषयान्पुंसः सङ्गस्तेषूपजायते | सङ्गात्सञ्जायते कामः कामात्क्रोधोऽभिजायते ||२-६२||

2.62 When a man thinks of the objects, attachment for them arises; from attachment desire is born; f...

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VERSE 2.63

क्रोधाद्भवति सम्मोहः सम्मोहात्स्मृतिविभ्रमः | स्मृतिभ्रंशाद् बुद्धिनाशो बुद्धिनाशात्प्रणश्यति ||२-६३...

2.63 From anger comes delusion; from delusion loss of memory; from loss of memory the destruction of...

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VERSE 2.64

रागद्वेषविमुक्तैस्तु विषयानिन्द्रियैश्चरन् | (or वियुक्तैस्तु) आत्मवश्यैर्विधेयात्मा प्रसादमधिगच्छति...

2.64 But the self-controlled man, moving among the objects with the senses under restraint and free ...

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VERSE 2.65

प्रसादे सर्वदुःखानां हानिरस्योपजायते | प्रसन्नचेतसो ह्याशु बुद्धिः पर्यवतिष्ठते ||२-६५||

2.65 In that peace all pains are destroyed; for the intellect of the tranil-minded soon becomes stea...

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VERSE 2.66

नास्ति बुद्धिरयुक्तस्य न चायुक्तस्य भावना | न चाभावयतः शान्तिरशान्तस्य कुतः सुखम् ||२-६६||

2.66 There is no knowledge of the Self to the unsteady and to the unsteady no meditation is possible...

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VERSE 2.67

इन्द्रियाणां हि चरतां यन्मनोऽनुविधीयते | तदस्य हरति प्रज्ञां वायुर्नावमिवाम्भसि ||२-६७||

2.67 For the mind, which follows in the wake of the wandering senses, carries away his discriminatio...

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VERSE 2.68

तस्माद्यस्य महाबाहो निगृहीतानि सर्वशः | इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यस्तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता ||२-६८|...

2.68 Therefore, O mighty-armed Arjuna, his knowledge is steady whose senses are completely restraine...

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VERSE 2.69

या निशा सर्वभूतानां तस्यां जागर्ति संयमी | यस्यां जाग्रति भूतानि सा निशा पश्यतो मुनेः ||२-६९||

2.69 That which is night to all beings, in that the self-controlled man is awake; when all beings ar...

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VERSE 2.70

आपूर्यमाणमचलप्रतिष्ठं समुद्रमापः प्रविशन्ति यद्वत् | तद्वत्कामा यं प्रविशन्ति सर्वे स शान्तिमाप्नोति...

2.70 He attains peace into whom all desires enter as waters enter the ocean which, filled from all s...

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VERSE 2.71

विहाय कामान्यः सर्वान्पुमांश्चरति निःस्पृहः | निर्ममो निरहङ्कारः स शान्तिमधिगच्छति ||२-७१||

2.71 That man attains peace who, abandoning all desires, moves about without longing, without the se...

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VERSE 2.72

एषा ब्राह्मी स्थितिः पार्थ नैनां प्राप्य विमुह्यति | स्थित्वास्यामन्तकालेऽपि ब्रह्मनिर्वाणमृच्छति ||...

2.72 This is the Brahmic seat (eternal state), O son of Pritha. Attaining to this, none is deluded. ...

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