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Chapter 1

Arjuna Visada Yoga

VERSE 1.1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच | धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः | मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत सञ्जय |...

1.1 Dhritarashtra said What did my people and the sons of Pandu do when they had assembled together...

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VERSE 1.2

सञ्जय उवाच | दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा | आचार्यमुपसंगम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ||१-२||

1.2. Sanjaya said Having seen the army of the Pandavas drawn up in battle-array, King Duryodhana th...

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VERSE 1.3

पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम् | व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ||१-३||

1.3. "Behold, O Teacher! this mighty army of the sons of Pandu, arrayed by the son of Drupada, thy w...

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VERSE 1.4

अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि | युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ||१-४||

1.4. Here are heroes, mighty archers, eal in battle to Bhima and Arjuna, Yoyudhana (Satyaki), Virata...

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VERSE 1.5

धृष्टकेतुश्चेकितानः काशिराजश्च वीर्यवान् | पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुंगवः ||१-५||

1.5. "Dhrishtaketu, chekitana and the valiant king of Kasi, Purujit and Kuntibhoja and Saibya, the b...

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VERSE 1.6

युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान् | सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः ||१-६||

1.6. "The strong Yodhamanyu and the brave Uttamaujas, the son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu, the son of Sub...

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VERSE 1.7

अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तम | नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते ||१-७||

1.7. "Know also, O best among the twice-born! the names of those who are the most distinguished amon...

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VERSE 1.8

भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जयः | अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च ||१-८||

1.8. "Thyself and Bhishma, and Karna and also Kripa, the victorious in war, Asvatthama, Vikarna, and...

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VERSE 1.9

अन्ये च बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः | नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ||१-९||

1.9. "And also many other heroes who are ready to give up their lives for my sake, armed with variou...

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VERSE 1.10

अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माभिरक्षितम् | पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम् ||१-१०||

1.10. "This army of ours marshalled by Bhishma is insufficient, whereas that army of theirs marshell...

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VERSE 1.11

अयनेषु च सर्वेषु यथाभागमवस्थिताः | भीष्ममेवाभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि ||१-११||

1.11. "Therefore do ye all, stationed in your respective positions, in the several divisions of the ...

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VERSE 1.12

तस्य सञ्जनयन्हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहः | सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान् ||१-१२||

1.12. His glorious grandsire (Bhishma), the oldest of the Kauravas, in order to cheer Duryodhana, no...

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VERSE 1.13

ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः | सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ||१-१३||

1.13. Then (following Bhishma), conches and kettledrums, tabors, drums and cow horns blared forth it...

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VERSE 1.14

ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ | माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः ||१-१४||

1.14. Then, also, Madhava (Krishna) and the son of Pandu (Arjuna), seated in the magnificent chariot...

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VERSE 1.15

पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः | पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ||१-१५||

1.15. Hrishikesha blew the Panchajanya and Arjuna blew the Devadatta and Bhima (the wolf-bellied), t...

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VERSE 1.16

अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः | नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ ||१-१६||

1.16. The king Yodhishthira, the son of Kunti, blew the Anantavijaya; Nakula and Sahadeva blew the S...

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VERSE 1.17

काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः | धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ||१-१७||

1.17. The king of Kasi, an exellent archer, Sikhandi, the mighty car-warrior, Dhrishtadyumna and Vir...

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VERSE 1.18

द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः पृथिवीपते | सौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक् ||१-१८||

1.18. Drupada and the sons of Draupadi, O Lord of the earth, and the son of Subhadra, the mighty-arm...

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VERSE 1.19

स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत् | नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलोऽभ्यनुनादयन् (or लोव्यनु) ||१-१९...

1.19. That tumultuous sound rent the hearts of (the members of) Dhritarashtra's party, making both t...

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VERSE 1.20

अथ व्यवस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान् कपिध्वजः | प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसम्पाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः | हृष...

1.20. Then, seeing the people of Dhritarashtra’s party standing arrayed and the discharge of weapons...

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VERSE 1.21

अर्जुन उवाच | सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत ||१-२१||

1.21 Arjuna said In the middle between the two armies, place my chariot, O krishna, so that I may b...

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VERSE 1.22

यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान् | कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन् रणसमुद्यमे ||१-२२||

1.22. Arjuna said In the middle between the two armies, place my chariot, O krishna, so that I may ...

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VERSE 1.23

योत्स्यमानानवेक्षेऽहं य एतेऽत्र समागताः | धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः ||१-२३||

1.23. For I desire to observe those who are assembled here to fight, wishing to please in battle the...

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VERSE 1.24

सञ्जय उवाच | एवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत | सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम् ||१-२४||

1.24. Sanjaya said Thus addressed by Arjuna, Krishna, having stationed that best of chariots, O Dhr...

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VERSE 1.25

भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम् | उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ||१-२५||

1.25. In front of Bhishma and Drona, and all the rulers of the earth, said: "O Arjuna (son of Pritha...

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VERSE 1.26

तत्रापश्यत्स्थितान्पार्थः पितॄनथ पितामहान् | आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा ||१-...

1.26. Then, Arjuna (son of Pritha) saw there (in the armies) stationed, fathers and grandfathers, te...

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VERSE 1.27

श्वशुरान्सुहृदश्चैव सेनयोरुभयोरपि | तान्समीक्ष्य स कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान् ||१-२७||

1.27. (He saw) fathers-in-law and friends also in both the armies. The son of Kunti, Arjuna, seeing ...

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VERSE 1.28

कृपया परयाविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत् | अर्जुन उवाच | दृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम् ||...

1.28. Arjuna said Seeing these, my kinsmen, O krishna, arrayed, eager to fight.

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VERSE 1.29

सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मुखं च परिशुष्यति | वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते ||१-२९||

1.29. My limbs fail and my mouth is parched, my body ivers and my hair stands on end.

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VERSE 1.30

गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते | न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः ||१-३०||

1.30. The (bow) Gandiva slips from my hand, and also my skins burns all over; I am unable even to st...

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VERSE 1.31

निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव | न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे ||१-३१||

1.31. And I see adverse omens, O Kesava. I do not see any good in killing my kinsmen in battle.

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VERSE 1.32

न काङ्क्षे विजयं कृष्ण न च राज्यं सुखानि च | किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा ||१-३२||

1.32. I desire not victory, O Krishna, nor kingdom, nor pleasures. Of what avail is dominion to us, ...

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VERSE 1.33

येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि च | त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च ||१-...

1.33. Those for whose sake we desire kingdom, enjoyments and pleasures, stand here in battle, having...

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VERSE 1.34

आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः | मातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा ||१-३४||

1.34. Teachers, fathers, sons and also grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, bro...

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VERSE 1.35

एतान्न हन्तुमिच्छामि घ्नतोऽपि मधुसूदन | अपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते ||१-३५||

1.35. These I do not wish to kill, though they kill me, O Krishna, even for the sake of dominion ove...

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VERSE 1.36

निहत्य धार्तराष्ट्रान्नः का प्रीतिः स्याज्जनार्दन | पापमेवाश्रयेदस्मान्हत्वैतानाततायिनः ||१-३६||

1.36. By killing these sons of Dhritarashtra, what pleasure can be ours, O Janardana? Only sin will ...

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VERSE 1.37

तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्स्वबान्धवान् | स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव ||१-३७|...

1.37. Therefore, we should not kill the sons of Dhritarashtra, our relatives; for how can we be happ...

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VERSE 1.38

यद्यप्येते न पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसः | कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ||१-३८||

1.38. Though they, with intelligence overpowered by greed, see no evil in the destruction of familie...

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VERSE 1.39

कथं न ज्ञेयमस्माभिः पापादस्मान्निवर्तितुम् | कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं प्रपश्यद्भिर्जनार्दन ||१-३९||

1.39. Why should not we who clearly see evil in the destruction of families, learn to turn away from...

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VERSE 1.40

कुलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुलधर्माः सनातनाः | धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत ||१-४०||

1.40. In the destruction of a family, the immemorial religious rites of that family perish; on the d...

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VERSE 1.41

अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियः | स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसङ्करः ||१-४१||

1.41. By the prevalence of impiety, O Krishna, the women of the family become corrupt; and , women b...

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VERSE 1.42

सङ्करो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य च | पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः ||१-४२||

1.42. Confusion of castes leads to hell the slayers of the family, for their forefathers fall, depri...

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VERSE 1.43

दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसङ्करकारकैः | उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः ||१-४३||

1.43. By these evil deeds of the destroyers of the family, which cause confusion of castes, the eter...

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VERSE 1.44

उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणां मनुष्याणां जनार्दन | नरके नियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम (or नरकेऽनियतं) ||१-४४||

1.44. We have heard, O Janardana, that inevitable is the dwelling for an unknown period in hell for ...

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VERSE 1.45

अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम् | यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः ||१-४५||

1.45. Alas! We are involved in a great sin, in that we are prepared to kill our kinsmen, through gre...

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VERSE 1.46

यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः | धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत् ||१-४६||

1.46. If the sons of Dhritarashtra with weapons in hand should slay me in battle, unresisting and un...

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VERSE 1.47

सञ्जय उवाच | एवमुक्त्वार्जुनः सङ्ख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत् | विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ||१-४७||

1.47. Sanjaya said Having thus spoken in the midst of the battlefield, Arjuna, casting away his bow...

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